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peliosis hepatis
Peliosis hepatis is an uncommon vascular condition characterised by multiple randomly distributed blood-filled cavities throughout the liver. The size of the cavities usually ranges between a few millimetres to 3 cm in diameter.〔 Chapter 80〕 In the past it was a mere histological curiosity occasionally found at autopsies but has been increasingly recognised with wide ranging conditions from AIDS to the use of anabolic steroids. It also occasionally affects spleen, lymph nodes, lungs, kidneys, adrenal glands, bone marrow and other parts of gastrointestinal tract.
Peliosis hepatis is often erroneously written "peliosis hepati''ti''s", despite its not being one of the hepatitides. The correct term arises from the Greek ''pelios'', i.e. discoloured by extravasated blood, livid, and the Latinized genitive case (hepatis) of the Greek ''hepar'', liver.
== Pathophysiology ==
The pathogenesis of peliosis hepatis is unknown. There are several hypotheses, such as, it arises from sinusoidal epithelial damage, increased sinusoidal pressure due to obstruction in blood outflow from the liver, or hepatocellular necrosis.〔
Two morphologic patterns of hepatic peliosis were described by Yanoff and Rawson. In the phlebectatic type, the blood-filled spaces are lined with endothelium and are associated with aneurysmal dilatation of the central vein; in the parenchymal type, the spaces have no endothelial lining and they usually are associated with haemorrhagic parenchymal necrosis. Some consider both patterns to be one process, initiated by focal necrosis of liver parenchyma, observed in parenchymal type, progressing into formation of fibrous wall and endothelial lining around haemorrhage of phlebectatic type. Fibrosis, cirrhosis, regenerative nodules, and tumours may also be seen.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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